Optimize Cognition with Exercise
Cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases are global health concerns. Cognition includes memory, attention, and executive function. Executive function encompasses the skills necessary to organize, plan for, and achieve goals.
A recent umbrella review (a meta-meta-analysis) of 133 systematic reviews, consisting of 2,724 randomized controlled trials, with 258,279 participants revealed that:
All forms of exercise (aerobic, strength training, yoga, Tai Chi, and active video games) provide cognitive benefits;
Low to moderate intensity exercise yielded the greatest benefits for memory and brain function;
Children and adolescents gained the greatest memory benefits;
People with ADHD demonstrated the greatest gains in executive function;
Yoga and Tai Chi, complex mind-body movement practices, provided the most significant positive impact on memory;
Active video games improved general cognition; and
The cognitive benefits were apparent after 1-3 months of activity.
Researchers theorize that the cognitive benefits may be due to some combination of: augmented neurotropic factors such as BDNF; improved blood flow in the brain; reduced inflammation; improved neurotransmitter function; and enhanced synaptic plasticity (growth of networks of neurons in the brain).
Takeaway: Exercise improves general cognition, memory, and executive function in all populations.
Well-being is a journey, not a quick fix.
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Source
Ben Singh, et al., Effectiveness of exercise for improving cognition, memory and executive function: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis | British Journal of Sports Medicine, March 6, 2025.
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